Maintains a calm and serene mind, unshaken by any situation. His heart remains unmoved by praise or blame. Great Compassion and Equality: He treats all people equally regardless of status, class, gender, or age. He personally reaches out to the marginalized and the sick to offer warm mercy. He emphasizes self-discipline and enlightenment to his disciples rather than mystical powers or blind faith. Preference for Silence and Solitude: He distances himself from excessive chatter or political debate, possessing a serious nature that loves quiet silence and deep meditation.

Sees the suffering of all sentient beings with a thousand eyes. Hears the sounds of pain and cries for help with a thousand ears, and rescues those in difficulty with a thousand hands. Salvation: Avalokitesvara manifests in 33 different forms to match the situation and level of the suffering sentient beings.

Holds a wish-fulfilling jewel in one hand to wash away the delusions of sentient beings, and a six-ringed staff in the other to open the gates of hell. Salvation and Deliverance: Rescues the deceased suffering in hell.

Hwaeom Seongjung: Numerous benevolent deities and divine generals appearing in the Avatamsaka Sutra, the core scripture of Buddhism, who protect the Buddhist law, the temples, and sentient beings. Skanda: Appears as a young general wearing a helmet shaped like bird feathers and holding a weapon. He is the leader who commands the 32 heavenly generals under the Four Heavenly Kings and is a core deity in protecting the Dharma. He is often placed in the center of the Shinjung Taenghwa (guardian painting). Ucchusma: Takes the form of a terrifying wrathful deity who crushes all demonic forces and delusions.

1st King Jinguang (7th day): In charge of the Mountain of Knives Hell. Distinguishes the good and evil deeds of the deceased and judges the sin of killing. 2nd King Chujiang (14th day): In charge of the Boiling Water Hell. Judges sins of theft, fraud, and unpaid debts. 3rd King Songdi (21st day): In charge of the Ice Hell. Judges sins of adultery, betrayal, and ignoring the pain of others. 4th King Wuguan (28th day): In charge of the Blade Leaf Hell. Weighs karma on a scale to judge lying, drinking, and reckless lust. 5th King Yama (35th day): In charge of the Tongue-Pulling Hell. The leader of the Ten Kings, he severely punishes sins committed through speech and lies using the Karma Mirror, which reflects one's life actions. 6th King Biancheng (42nd day): In charge of the Poisonous Snake Hell. Re-examines evil acts like murder, robbery, and torture that were not fully settled in previous trials. 7th King Taishan (49th day): In charge of the Sawing Hell. On the 49th day, he decides which of the six realms (Hell, Hungry Ghost, Animal, Asura, Human, Heaven) the soul will be reincarnated into. 8th King Pingdeng (100th day): In charge of the Iron Bed Hell. Re-checks those who fell into hell due to heavy karma, judging greed and causing loss to others. 9th King Dushi (1 year): In charge of the Cold Wind Hell. Judges sins like anger, verbal abuse, suicide, and arson, reducing punishment through the merits of surviving family members. 10th King Wudao Zhuanlun (3 years): In charge of the Darkness Hell. The final judge, he completes all karma management and turns the Wheel of Reincarnation to fully determine the deceased's next life. Relationship with Ksitigarbha Difference in Rank: While the Ten Kings are 'gods' acting as judges and bureaucrats of the underworld, Ksitigarbha is a 'Bodhisattva' with enlightenment and spiritual status equal to a Buddha. In the Buddhist worldview, a Bodhisattva is higher than all heavenly gods. Great Vow: Ksitigarbha made a massive vow, "I will not achieve Buddhahood until hell is empty," and entered hell himself. Even the Ten Kings who judge karma pay respect to his noble compassion. Mandate from Shakyamuni Buddha: During the gap after Shakyamuni Buddha's passing until Maitreya Buddha arrives, the authority to educate and rescue sentient beings was directly delegated to Ksitigarbha. Authority of Salvation and Mediation: While the Ten Kings are strict law enforcers who hand down punishments, Ksitigarbha has the merciful power to save even those sinners. Thus, he is enshrined as the final savior and leader of the underworld.

Exterminating Demonic Forces and Protecting Buddha's Relics: As in the legend where he swiftly pursued and recovered the Buddha's relics stolen by a demon, he protects the Dharma by repelling evil energy and demons. Protecting Temples and Practitioners: He maintains the purity inside temples and blocks disasters and distractions so that monks and seekers can focus solely on their practice. Commander-in-Chief of the Deities: As the foremost of the eight generals under the Four Heavenly Kings and the leader of the heavenly divine generals, he stands at the forefront of temple protection.